Although B.F. Avery ceased tractor production in the mid‑1950s, many of its legacy tractors survive in restorations and hobby collections. Based in Louisville, Kentucky, B.F. Avery produced models like the Model A, Model V, and Model R between 1943 and 1955. These machines were built on Hercules engines and often shared components with Cleveland Tractor (“General GG”) units). Despite their charm, several models are known for chronic issues that collectors and users should approach cautiously.
1. Overview: B.F. Avery Tractor Lineup
- Model V (1946–1952/55): A 1‑row row‑crop tractor (9 HP), light and compact—primarily for small-acreage crops like tobacco and corn (bfavery.com).
- Model A (~1943–1950): Also sold as the Avery General GG; built on Hercules 4‑cylinder engines (~20 HP), sold under multiple brands (Successful Farming).
- Model R (1950–1955): Larger unit replacing Model A after Avery’s merger with Minneapolis‑Moline (Wikipedia).
2. Common Problems Across Models
🔧 2.1 Frame & Mounting Cracks (Model A)
A prevalent issue in Model A units is cracked frame-mount brackets between the engine and transmission slide box. This often results from torque flexing over decades, and many collectors report repaired frames or reinforced welds
Fix: Reinforce or re-weld original brackets; inspect frame rails when restoring.
🔧 2.2 Engine Wear and Rebuild Costs
These tractors use Hercules ZXB / IXA/IXB engines. As one hobbyist noted, engine parts (rings, pistons) can cost $800+ and require major machining to restore compression and reliability. Weak water pumps and corroded cooling passages are also common.
Fix: Use NOS Hercules parts (e.g. from Hercano or Otto Gas Engine Works), rebore pistons, install high-quality new rings, and rebuild or upgrade the water pump.
🔧 2.3 Hard Starting & Ignition System
Many early tractors run on 6-volt systems with generators rather than modern alternators. Over time wires corrode, regulators fail, and ignition becomes unreliable.
Fix: Convert to 12V and install alternator, or fully rebuild generator/regulator. Replace ignition wiring harness or magneto with modern 12V-compatible parts.
🔧 2.4 Hydraulic Lift or PTO Issues
Model A and V often shipped with mechanical lifts or belt/PTO, making them underwhelming for loader or heavier tasks. Hydraulic kits were optional and rare.
Fix: Retrofit hydraulic lift units where possible; rebuild PTO clutch and belt pulley mechanism carefully.
3. Models / Variants to Avoid
| Model | Issues | Recommendation |
|---|---|---|
| Model V | Extremely low power (9 HP), poor weight/stability, lacking parts | Only for static display or ultra-light vintage use |
| Model A | Frame cracking, expensive engine rebuilds, scarce parts | Limited unless heavily restored by collector |
| Late Model R | Post-merger factory decline, parts expensive or missing | Best only in fully parts-documented restored units |
🚫 3.1 Model V (“Victory”, one‑row, 9 HP)
While collectible, the Model V is fragile—built for very small cultivation jobs. Its lack of power and tiny size make it impractical, even for light hobby use. Cooling and PTO options were minimal, and parts are scarce. Only restore if you’re mainly interested in display value.
🚫 3.2 Model A (General GG Variant)
The Model A is mechanically stronger (about 20 HP), but has serious flaws:
- Frame mounting brackets are prone to cracking due to engine torque flex.
- Compression loss and engine wear require full rebuilds, often costly.
- Parts availability is limited—often requiring NOS or scavenged Croktrac components.
Only consider a Model A if you have complete mechanical knowledge, access to parts, and the budget for restoration.
🚫 3.3 Model R (Late Units 1952–55)
After Minneapolis-Moline acquired Avery, the Model R was updated—but suffered from parts consolidation and early plant closure. Later units were built with fewer spares available and inconsistent quality control.
Avoid unless the tractor has full serial history and piece-by-piece verified parts availability.
4. Repair & Restoration Tips
✅ Engine Rebuild and Cooling Upgrades
- Inspect compression and rebuild rings/pistons (typical rebuild ~$1,600 including machining).
- Replace or rebuild water pump and flush radiator passages.
- Monitor oil pressure to detect wear in rod bearings or head gasket leaks.
✅ Weld Reinforcement on Frames
- Examine engine/transaxle mounts—weld cracks are common.
- Reinforce with twin-bolt reinforcement plates where needed.
- Check chassis rails for sag or misalignment after repair.
✅ Electrical System Upgrades
- Convert from 6V to 12V and install aftermarket alternator.
- Replace generator/regulator or upgrade to modular ignition coil unit.
- Seal wiring harnesses against moisture and replace brittle aging wires.
✅ Hydraulic and PTO Improvements
- Rebuild clutch and belt pulley units; test that PTO spins freely.
- Consider aftermarket hydraulic kits if hyd lift is required.
- Use new leather belts and properly lubricate PTO coupling.
5. Collector vs. Operator: Choosing Wisely
B.F. Avery tractors today fall into two categories:
👤 Collectible/Display Use
- Model V is charming but impractical for general farm work. Its low compression and lack of hydraulic systems make it fragile.
- Model A is worth restoring for display if you want a running example. But expect costly engine rebuilds and frame repairs.
👨🔧 Functional Use (Light-Mower/Orchard)
None of the Avery lineup is suitable for daily modern work. At best, a fully restored Model A may serve as a nostalgic vintage mower or light tillage implement base—but even then, its performance is minimal.
6. Best Models to Own (for Rarity & Reliability)
- Model A (early mid‑serial‑range units) with intact frames and moderate compression: best balance of power and parts availability.
- Model V (very early cast‑grill versions): highly collectible but not functional.
- Model R (early post‑merger builds)—if complete and documented, for historical completeness.
7. Buyer’s Checklist Before Purchase (Avery Model)
- Check frame for weld cracks at engine/transaxle junction.
- Test engine compression (expect 8–10 psi per cylinder for a rough running minimum).
- Inspect water pump and coolant system for corrosion or seizure.
- Evaluate electrical ignition: convert to 12V for reliability.
- Confirm parts vendor support (e.g. Hercano, Otto, donor Cletrac units).
- Confirm serial number date range against known production tables (Model A serial breaks available via collector references)
8. Final Verdict
While B.F. Avery tractors carry nostalgic value, most models—especially the Model V, Model A, and late Model R—can turn into mechanical money pits due to rare spare parts, cranky Hercules engines, and frame integrity issues. Unless you’re a seasoned restorer aiming for a vintage show piece, these tractors are best avoided for day-to-day use.
✅ Recommended for Restoration Only:
- Early Model A with good frame and mild engine wear
- Cast‑grill Model V if you want display value
🚫 Avoid for Practical Use:
- Late‑Model R unless parts are verified
- Any Avery purchased without full restoration capability
I’m David man behind Lawn Mowerly; I’ve been dealing with lawnmowers and Tractors with my father since I was a kid. I know every make and model and what each one is capable of and love helping people find the perfect equipment for their needs.